taylor



(ModeL) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

W. H. TAYLOR.

LOCK

Patented May 21 188.9.

'm In WITNESSES q) WQ I TVZLTT'WQE1 6 7107" By/us Attorneys J I (ModeL)2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H. TAYLOR.

LOOK

INVENTOR 119L074 Patented May 21 1889.

VVZI/rremH By 7a.; .lttorneys l S M w E I a i; N

' N4 PETERS, Pnowumo m mr. Washington. D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEIcE.

\VARREN II. TAYLOR, OF STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE YALE dzTOIVNE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,705, dated May 21,1889. Application filed December 4, 1888; Serial No. 292,593. (Model) T0to whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, XVARREN II. TAYLOR, of Stamford, in the county ofFairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Locks, of which the following is a specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to that class of combination-locks in which thecombinations can be set or changed only by the use of the lockkeys.Hereto'fore in such locks the tumblers, which are each necessarily madein two parts, have to be separated in the ordinary use of the looks, asappears, for example, in United States Patent No. 370,183. Theconsequence is that wear takes place, which finally results in therelations of the parts of the tumblers being disturbed, so that theywill not register perfectly and will not accomplish the objeets forwhich they are designed. This difcult-y is not incident to my lock, forthe reason that in its ordinary use the parts of the tumblers do notseparate, but always work altogether in engagement with one another,except when separated to change the combination, which only seldomoccurs.

My invention consists in the organization of parts hereinafterdescribed,and succinctly stated in my appended claims.

In order to illustrate my invention, I exhibit in the drawings an entirelock containing, of course, many parts that are old but necessary to beshown in order to exhibit the structure and operation of my improvementsand their proper relations to ordinary lock mechanisms when applied touse.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is' 'a view of my improved lock, with thecap-plate removed, applied to a post-otfice-box door. This figure showsthe two parts of the tumblers separated. Fig. 2 is a similar Viewshowing the two parts of the tumblers engaged and the main-lock keyturned into the position for unlocking. Fig. 3 is a section on the line3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a view of the lock with the cap-plate in place.Fig. 5 isaview of the interior of the lock-case, with the working partsremoved. Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the cap-plate. Fig. '7 is a view ofa group of parts separated into nine divisions, so as to show themindividually in perspective. Fig.

8 is a view of two different main-lock keys. Fig. 9 is a view of anauxiliary key. Fig. 10 is a central section on the line 1010 of one ofthe parts shown in Fig. '7. Fig. his a central section 011 the line 1111 of one of the parts shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of aportion of the bottom part of the cap-plate. Fig. 13 is a sectional viewshowing that the lock-plate has entered the notch in the auxiliary key,so that the key cannot be withdrawn.

A indicates a lock-case and B a cap-plate. The case is provided withcorner-lugs C C, to receive the cap-plate fastening-screws I) I). Thecase is also provided with a block, E, for containing the slidingbolt-rod F and its spring G, the rod being pivoted to the pivotedlatchbolt H, as shown.

I indicates a cam-slide for the purpose of operating the fence K, andfor communicating its motion to the bolt-rod F and latchbolt II.

L indicates the key-hub, and M the cam ongaging with the cam-slide I bymeans of a lug, N.

0 indicates pivoted spur-geared springtumblers of ordinary construction,adapted to be turned on theirpivots by the operation of the key.

P indicates the circular parts of the tumblers, which are provided withspurgearing, as usual in this class of tumblers, composed each of twodifferent parts geared together.

Q indicates a spring operating upon the fence, tending to keep it out ofengagement with the gatings R in the circular parts of the tumblers. Thecap-plate of the lock is provided with lugs T U V W, for the purpose ofbearing upon the internal movable parts of the lock and holding them inplace.

All of the parts of the lock thus far mentioned are of usualconstruction and need not be further described.

Coming now to the peculiar parts of the lock that constitute myinvention, it will be observed that the circular parts of the tumblersare mounted upon a carrier, X, which is actuated by a coiled spring, Y..The carrier isin turn mounted upon an oscillating scat, Z, having anarm, (6, by which it is pivoted to the case at b. The seat is providedwith a post, 0, which extends through the capplate and is provided witha thumb-nut, (1, serving as ahandle for oscillating the movable partsdescribed below. The carrier is provided with a post, 6, which engageswith the circular parts of the tumblers, and always tends to throw themaround to the point where their gatings R are in alignment, as shown inFigs. 1 and 2.

The seat Z is provided with a slotted keypost, f, to receivetheauXiliary-lock key g.

h indicates a pivot-post rising from the center of the seat Z, andserving as the axis of the carrier and the circular parts of thetumblers. 1' indicates a covering-arm, which is pivoted at Z) and withthe seat Z and post h constitutes what I may call a pivoted frame foroscillating the circular parts of the tumblers, the spring-carrier, theposts 0, and the slotted key-post f by means of the thumb nut cl.

75 indicates a slot in the cap-plate to permit the oscillation of thekey-post. 70 indicates a key-slot in the cap-plate.

Z indicates a springdatch, which is pivoted to the cap-plate and engagesby the action of its spring Z normally with one wall of the slot in thekey-post, and thereby holds the keypost and the pivoted frame and itsparts just above mentioned to one side, so that the teeth of thedifferent parts of the tumblers are e11- gaged foroperation.

It will be observed that the key g is tapered at its end. This is forthe purpose of pushing back and disengaging the latch Z from thekey-post, which is done by the mere insertion of the key to place. Then(when the thumbnutd is loosened) the parts of the tumblers are no longerlocked together; but the circular parts of the tumblers, the key-post,and all the parts carried by the pivoted frame mentioned can be moved toone side, so as to disengage the parts of the tumblers.

It will be observed, further, that the key g is notched at m. The resultis that when the parts are pushed to one side, so that the tumbler-gearsare disengaged, the edge of the cap-plate has entered this key-notch, asshown in Fig. 13, so that the key cannot be withdrawn. The object ofthis arrangement is that the auxiliary-lock key cannot be removed exceptwhen the gears of the parts of the tumblers are properly engaged, andall the lock mechanism is in position to be operated by the main-lockkey or for turning the key-hub L.

Between the tumblers, for the purpose of separating them, I provide athin furringplate, 0, secured in place by the tumbler-pivot p and thepost h, as is usual in lock'mechanism. In my lock, however, in order toaccommodate the oscillating movements of the pivoted frame abovementioned and the parts it carries, I provide a slot, (1, in thefurringplate which receives the post h. The thumbnut rl,in addition toits function as a handle to move the post c to one side or the other inthe slot r in the cap-plate, serves to hold the oscillating parts inplace by being screwed down tightly against the cap-plate. I thereforehave an additional means besides the spring-latch Z for locking the twoparts of the tumblers together.

The operation of my improvements for the purpose of changing thecombination is as follows: Suppose both of the keys to be out of thelock, and it was desired for some reason to change the combination ofthe look, so as to use a new main-lock key. The first thing to do wouldbe to insert the auxiliary lockkey in its post and unscrew the thumb-nutcl. This would disengage the fastenings which hold the different partsof the tumblersin engagement. Then by pushing the thumbnut on one sidethe circular parts of the tumblers will be swung out of engagement withthe spring-actuated parts. Then the circular parts are thus moved out ofengagement with the spring-actuated parts, the action of the coiledspring Y, Fig. 10, revolves the carrier X and carries the circular partsaround against the auxiliary key, which then acts as a stop until thegatings of the tumblers are all in line. The circular parts are then inproper position for re-engagement with the spring-actuated parts, whichare operated by the main locking-key and which .are set to differentcombinations, according as one or another key is used, as hereinafterdescribed. At the same time that the circular parts are moved out ofengagement with the springactuated parts the latter will turn by forceof their springs against the main-key hub, which serves as a stop forthem whenever disengaged from their circular parts. Any desired main keycan now be inserted, turned as if to unlock, and the parts of thetumblers again be engaged by oscillating them by means of the thumb-nutcl. The thumb-nut can then be screwed to place and the auxiliarylock keywithdrawn, and the lock will be set and looked to a new combination. Allthis is the work of but a moment, and is so simple that no error canoccur, because the auxiliarylock key cannot be withdrawn until a properengagement of the tumblers on a new combination is effected, and thespring-actuated tumblers cannot be engaged with the circular tumblersuntil the main key has been turned in the direction for unlocking. Thereason of this is that the springs throw the pivoted parts of thetumblers entirely out of position to engage with the circular partsuntil the main key has moved them into proper position. I thus provide alock well adapted for post-ot'fice-box doors, and many other usescapable of a vast number of different combinations, depending upon thenumber of tum-- blers employed, which can be readily and quickly set forany given combination of the series, which is not exposed to wear insuch a way as to derange the adjustment or registration of the parts ofthe tumblers, and which is simple and reliable in operation.

IIO

I have shown but two means of locking or fastening the parts of thetumblers together; but it is obvious that various fastening means mightbe employed, and my invention does not depend upon any particular meansto be employed for the purpose. The main thing is to have the two partsof the tumblers securely held in engagement during all the ordinary usesof the lock, yet capable of being disengaged and separated whenever itis desirable to change the key and the combination for operating thelock. \Vhen the parts of the tumbler are separated, any main key whichwill fit the key-hub and is within the extensive number of combinationspossible in its bittings, can be used to turn the springactuated partsof the tumblers, as in unlocking, when they will be in position forengagement with the teeth of the circular parts. After such engagementno key except the one used for changing the combination will unlock thelock.

It is not material to the principle of operation of my invention how orby what movement the two parts of the tumblers are separated, andalthough several tumblers are shown the principle of my invention wouldbe exemplified by the use of a single tumbler in two separable parts.

\Vhat I claim as new is 1. In a changeable combination key lock, thecombination of the main locking-key and the tumblers in parts gearedtogether at all times except when the combination is to be changed,substantially as set forth.

2. In a changeable combination key lock having two-part tumblers, thecombination, with a movable seat which supports one part of saidtumblers, an auxiliary key which disengages one part of the tumbler ortumblers from the other, and a cap-plate through which said key passes,whereby said key cannot be removed from the lock until said parts are inengagement, substantially as described.

In a changeable combination key lock having two-part tumblers, thecombination of an auxiliary key with the gated parts of the tumblers,and a spring-actuated carrier upon which said parts are mounted, wherebysaid parts when separated from the spring-actuated parts tend to moveagainst said auxiliary key, acting as a stop until the gatings of saidtumblers are brought in line, substantially as described.

l. The combination,with the circular parts of the tumblers, of a pivotedframe for supporting them, adapted to be swung to one side and theother, so as to engage and disengage the circular parts of the tumblerswith the other parts, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination of the oscillating seat Z, the carrier, the circularparts of the tu1nblers, pivot-post h, the slotted key-post, thecap-plate, the thumb-nut (Z, and the springlateh l, substantially as setfOltlln (3. The combination, with the slotted keypost, of the cap-plateprovided with the slots it 712', and the key g, tapered at its end, andnotch on, substantially as set forth.

I11 testimony of all of which I have hereunto subscribed my name.

WARREN II. TAYLOR.

\Vitnessee:

SoHUYLER MERRITT, HOWARD L. UNDERHILL.

